Industries - Energy & Utilities

    Autonomous Cyber Defence for Energy and Utilities

    Substations, control centres and corporate networks, defended as one estate.

    Utilities run some of the most consequential and most heavily regulated networks in the country, across geography that no analyst can walk. Spharaka Signal™ monitors substation and control traffic passively, without a packet sent to a protection relay, while Spharaka Sphere™ correlates it with corporate IT, identity and cloud telemetry into a single autonomous investigation.

    Cybersecurity Landscape

    The Cybersecurity Landscape in Energy and Utilities

    A utility's estate spans generation plants, transmission substations, distribution automation, wide-area telemetry links and the corporate network that plans and bills for all of it. The equipment that matters most is frequently the equipment that can least tolerate interference: a protection relay exists to trip a breaker in milliseconds, and a security tool that probes it has become the incident it was meant to prevent.

    Regulation compounds the problem rather than solving it. NERC CIP, IEC 62443 and, for water operators, AWWA G430 all expect continuous, demonstrable control effectiveness across an estate most operators cannot fully enumerate. Evidence gathered by hand once a quarter satisfies neither the auditor's question nor the operational one.

    Substation assets nobody has fully catalogued

    Intelligent electronic devices, RTUs and protection relays accumulate across decades of build-out, with no inventory that survives contact with the field.

    Protocols that carry commands without authentication

    DNP3, IEC 60870-5-104 and IEC 61850 MMS and GOOSE all change grid state, and most carry those commands without proving who sent them.

    Geographically dispersed sites, centrally watched

    Remote substations and pumping stations are monitored over links that are themselves part of the attack surface.

    Equipment that cannot be patched or scanned

    Long-lived field devices frequently have no supported patch path and no tolerance for active scanning.

    IT to OT attack paths

    An intrusion that starts in email or a vendor VPN reaches engineering workstations, and from there the control network.

    Continuous regulatory evidence

    NERC CIP, IEC 62443 and AWWA G430 expect demonstrable control effectiveness rather than an annual snapshot.

    Autonomous Cyber Defence

    How Spharaka Sphere™ Transforms Security Operations

    Spharaka Sphere™ gives a utility one investigation surface rather than two security programmes that meet at a quarterly review. Corporate telemetry from endpoints, identity, email and cloud arrives alongside substation and control network telemetry from Spharaka Signal™, and the platform reasons across both.

    That matters because the attacks worth worrying about cross the boundary. An intrusion that begins with a phished credential and ends at an engineering workstation is one investigation, and it can only be seen as one if the evidence from both sides sits in the same place. Sphere assembles it autonomously, in a cycle measured in seconds rather than the hours a cross-team escalation takes.

    Unified IT and OT investigation

    Corporate and control network evidence reasoned about together, so a cross-domain intrusion reads as one incident rather than two unconnected alerts.

    Autonomous investigation

    AuraXP™ forms competing hypotheses and queries the telemetry needed to test them, producing a verdict, evidence trail and attack timeline without analyst pivoting.

    Behavioural analytics on operators

    Control room staff, field engineers and vendor accounts profiled continuously, so privileged misuse and off-hours engineering access surface without manual triage.

    Attack path analysis

    Reachability from the corporate estate toward control assets modelled from observed traffic, so the route is closed before it is used.

    Governed autonomous response

    Low-risk containment executes automatically; anything that could touch an operational system holds for approval under AirWatch™ policy.

    Continuous compliance evidence

    Control evidence assembled continuously against NERC CIP, IEC 62443 and AWWA G430 rather than reconstructed before an audit.

    The AI Cybersecurity Analyst

    SAGE™ - Enterprise AI for Security Operations

    SAGE™ is Spharaka's cybersecurity model, trained for security reasoning rather than adapted to it. Inside Sphere it explains multi-signal detections in plain language, which matters in an environment where the person who understands the process and the person who understands the intrusion are rarely the same person.

    An analyst can ask what a sequence of substation events amounts to and receive a reasoned answer with the evidence attached. A control engineer can read the same narrative without a log query. A regulator can be handed the timeline that produced a decision, not a summary of it.

    For utilities operating under data residency or restricted connectivity requirements, SAGE™ runs locally in the on-premises deployment, so no investigation data leaves the environment to be reasoned about.

    Natural language investigations

    Guided AI-assisted analysis

    Root cause reconstruction

    Contextual threat intelligence

    Accelerated analyst productivity

    Executive-friendly explanations

    Industry Use Cases

    Energy and Utility Use Cases

    Substation monitoring

    Passive visibility into IEC 61850 MMS and GOOSE, DNP3 and IEC 60870-5-104 traffic without a packet sent to a protection relay.

    Grid control network baselining

    Observed communication patterns between control centre and field, with deviation flagged against learned normal rather than a static rule.

    Protection relay integrity

    Configuration and firmware compared continuously against approved baselines, with change outside a maintenance window escalated.

    Vendor and remote access oversight

    Third-party engineering sessions reconstructed and monitored, including first-time geography and out-of-hours access.

    IT to OT lateral movement

    Cross-domain attack paths from corporate systems into engineering workstations and control networks detected as one chain.

    Water and wastewater monitoring

    The same passive approach applied to pumping, treatment and distribution control, with AWWA G430 evidence assembled continuously.

    NERC CIP evidence collection

    Asset inventory completeness, configuration baselines, patch posture and access audit mapped to CIP-002 through CIP-014.

    Ransomware containment

    Enterprise-side containment executed at machine speed before encryption reaches the systems that schedule and dispatch.

    OT / ICS Security

    Spharaka Signal™ - Passive Visibility for Industrial Environments

    Spharaka Signal™ is the passive-first industrial platform behind the OT half of this picture. Edge sensors collect at line rate from tap and span points and never inject traffic into a protection or safety device, which is the only posture a transmission operator will accept in a live substation.

    Signal decodes utility protocols at the application layer, so what is recorded is the command rather than the connection, and resolves each register to the tag, engineering unit and safety relevance it actually represents.

    SIG.01

    Passive substation visibility

    Line-rate collection from tap and span points, with no traffic injected into relays or controllers.

    SIG.02

    Utility protocol decoding

    IEC 61850 MMS and GOOSE, DNP3 and IEC 60870-5-104 read at the application layer rather than counted as sessions.

    SIG.03

    Continuous asset discovery

    IEDs, RTUs, engineering workstations and field devices fingerprinted passively into a device-of-record.

    SIG.04

    Integrity monitoring

    Program logic, configuration, firmware and controller mode watched against captured baselines.

    SIG.05

    Passive vulnerability assessment

    Device fingerprints matched to the CVE catalogue with no scan and no agent, prioritised by KEV and exploitability rather than CVSS alone.

    SIG.06

    Zone and conduit conformance

    Observed traffic compared against the segmentation the architecture claims, so drift is visible.

    SIG.07

    Behavioural OT detection

    First-seen protocols, function codes and peer pairs flagged against learned baselines per device and zone.

    SIG.08

    Exposure and blast radius

    If a device is compromised, the downstream impact through observed conduits is modelled rather than guessed.

    SIG.09

    Compliance evidence

    Continuous control evidence against NERC CIP, IEC 62443-3-3, NIST SP 800-82r3 and AWWA G430.

    Integration Layer

    Spharaka Signal™ + Spharaka Sphere™: Unified IT and OT Defence

    Signal feeds OT telemetry continuously into Sphere, so substation context is not stranded in a separate console that only the OT team opens. It becomes part of the enterprise investigation surface: reasoned about by SAGE™, correlated by AuraXP™, and present in every investigation where it is relevant.

    One investigation surface across corporate and control networks
    Cross-domain attack detection from IT into OT
    Substation context available to enterprise analysts without an OT console
    Autonomous correlation of grid and corporate signals
    Response coordinated across both estates under one policy
    Regulatory evidence drawn from the same data the SOC already collects
    One operational picture for the control room, the SOC and the board

    Why Spharaka

    Why Organizations Choose Spharaka

    Passive by default

    Nothing is sent to a protection relay or safety device, which is what makes deployment possible in a live substation.

    Both estates, one platform

    Signal and Sphere together remove the seam that cross-domain attacks are designed to hide in.

    Evidence a regulator accepts

    Continuous control evidence against NERC CIP, IEC 62443 and AWWA G430, drawn from operational data rather than assembled for the audit.

    Realistic about patching

    Vulnerability prioritisation weighs exploitability and compensating controls, because much of this estate cannot be patched on any normal cycle.

    Deployable where connectivity is restricted

    On-premises and air-gapped deployment with local model inference, for operators under data residency or isolation requirements.

    Machine-speed containment

    A typical autonomous investigation cycle runs in 60 to 120 seconds against 60 to 90 minutes of manual triage.

    Deployment

    Deployment Flexibility

    Spharaka Sphere™ is engineered for the operational realities of modern enterprises. Whether your infrastructure is fully in the cloud, on-premises, air-gapped for regulatory reasons, or spread across hybrid environments, Sphere deploys where your data lives and where your security teams operate.

    Cloud

    Elastic, multi-region cloud deployment for born-in-cloud enterprises.

    On-Premises

    Full control within your data centre for strict data residency needs.

    Air-Gapped

    Isolated environments for regulated, classified, or critical operations.

    Hybrid

    Unified visibility across cloud, on-prem, and edge in one platform.

    Questions

    Frequently asked questions

    Can this be deployed in a live substation without risk to operations?

    Yes. Signal collects passively from tap and span points and never injects traffic into a protection relay or controller. Optional active OT polling exists, but it is opt-in, explicitly scoped and never pointed at a safety device.

    Which utility protocols are decoded?

    IEC 61850 MMS and GOOSE, DNP3 and IEC 60870-5-104 for substation and telemetry traffic, alongside Modbus, OPC UA and the discrete control protocols found in generation and water treatment plants.

    How does this support NERC CIP compliance?

    Control evidence is assembled continuously from data the platform already collects: asset inventory completeness, configuration baseline conformance, patch posture, access audit and segmentation. Each control carries a score, a status and a drill-through to the underlying evidence, mapped across CIP-002 to CIP-014.

    How are vulnerabilities assessed on equipment that cannot be scanned?

    The device fingerprint is derived passively from observed traffic and matched against the vulnerability catalogue, so a relay is assessed without receiving a packet. Prioritisation weighs CVSS, exploit prediction and the CISA known-exploited catalogue together, and records compensating controls where patching is not an option.

    Does it work for water and wastewater utilities?

    Yes. The same passive approach applies to pumping, treatment and distribution control networks, and continuous control evidence is reported against AWWA G430 alongside IEC 62443 and NIST SP 800-82r3.

    Can it run without internet connectivity?

    Yes. Sphere On-Premises runs ingestion, detection, investigation and response inside the customer controlled network with local SAGE™ inference, and threat content arrives through controlled offline packages.

    How does it detect an attack that starts in corporate IT?

    Corporate and control telemetry sit on one investigation surface, so a chain that begins with a phished credential and ends at an engineering workstation is investigated as a single incident rather than as separate alerts in two consoles.

    What happens when an autonomous action could affect grid operations?

    AirWatch™ validates every action against verified evidence and customer policy before execution. Low-risk enterprise-side containment can run automatically; anything that could touch an operational system holds for analyst, manager or customer approval.

    Experience Autonomous Cyber Defence in Your Environment

    Book a personalized demonstration of Spharaka Sphere™ and see how AI-native security operations transform detection, investigation, and response for your organization.